Uganda: Iperereza ku bahoze mu gisirikare bakekwaho kwinjira mu ntambara yo muri Ukraine

Uganda: Iperereza ku bahoze mu gisirikare bakekwaho kwinjira mu ntambara yo muri Ukraine

Inzego z’umutekano muri Uganda zatangije iperereza rikomeye nyuma y’aho hafatiwe abagabo icyenda (9) bahoze mu gisirikare cya Uganda, bakekwaho kugana muri Ukraine kugira ngo bafatanye mu ntambara ikomeje hagati y’iki gihugu n’u Burusiya.

Amakuru ava mu nzego z’iperereza avuga ko aba bagabo bose bavuye mu gisirikare cya Uganda mu bihe bitandukanye, ariko bakomeje gukurikiranwa ku mpamvu z’umutekano. Raporo y’agateganyo y’iperereza igaragaza ko aba bantu bashishikarijwe n’abahuza babijeje umushahara ungana na 6,250 USD ku kwezi (ahwanye na miliyoni zirenga 25 z’amafaranga ya Uganda) nibemera kujya kurwana ku ruhande rumwe muri iyo ntambara.

Bivugwa ko aba bahoze mu gisirikare bashoboraga kugerwaho n’iyi gahunda binyuze ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, ahagaragaye abantu biyitirira kuba abahuza bemewe n’inzego z’ubutasi mpuzamahanga cyangwa ibigo by’abacanshuro (mercenaries).

Ubuyobozi bw’umutekano bwa Uganda bwatangaje ko bukomeje gukora iperereza kugira ngo bumenye niba hari undi wese ufite aho ahuriye n’iki gikorwa, ndetse bamenye niba harimo imikoranire n’indi mitwe cyangwa ibihugu. Umwe mu bakozi bo hejuru mu nzego z’iperereza yagize ati:

“Iki ni ikibazo kireba umutekano w’igihugu kuko kirimo abantu bafite ubumenyi bwa gisirikare, bityo kugenda kwabo mu ntambara y’amahanga bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mutekano wacu mu gihe bazagaruka.”

Ibi bibaye mu gihe ibihugu byinshi biri kugenzura cyane uburyo abaturage babyo bajya mu ntambara za kure, cyane cyane izifite impande ebyiri zifite ubushake bukomeye mu bya politiki mpuzamahanga, nka Ukraine n’u Burusiya.

Inzego z’ubutabera muri Uganda zatangaje ko niba bigaragaye ko hari amategeko y’igihugu yarenzweho, aba bagabo bashobora gushyikirizwa inkiko bashinjwa ibyaha byo kugirana imikoranire y’igisirikare n’igihugu kiri mu ntambara Uganda idafitanye amasezerano, cyangwa ibyaha byo kuba abacanshuro, nk’uko biteganywa n’amategeko mpuzamahanga.

Kugeza ubu, amazina y’aba bakekwaho icyaha ntaratangazwa ku mugaragaro, kugira ngo bitabangamira iperereza riri gukorwa.

Ubusesenguzi mpuzamahanga bw’uko iyi dosiye ishobora gufatwa n’amategeko ahana abacanshuro n’amasoko y’intambara mu rwego rwa LONI n’amasezerano ya OAU/AU.

1. Ibisobanuro by’abacanshuro mu mategeko mpuzamahanga

Mu buryo bw’amategeko mpuzamahanga, umucanshuro ni umuntu witabira intambara cyangwa ibikorwa bya gisirikare agamije inyungu ze bwite z’amafaranga, atari umusirikare wa Leta cyangwa impande zemewe mu ntambara.

Amasezerano mpuzamahanga arabishimangira:

Amasezerano ya LONI yo mu 1989 (International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries);

Amasezerano ya OAU yo mu 1977 (Convention for the Elimination of Mercenarism in Africa).

Ibi byombi bigena neza ibimenyetso biranga umucanshuro (mercenary), birimo:

Kujya mu buryo buziguye cyangwa butaziguye mu mirwano.

Kugamije inyungu bwite z’amafaranga cyangwa indonke idafitanye isano n’impamvu za politiki cyangwa ideoloji.

Kutaba umusirikare wa Leta cyangwa umutwe wemewe n’uruhande rurwana ku rugamba.

Guhabwa ibihembo birenze ibyo abasirikare basanzwe b’uruhande runaka bahembwa.

2. Gusesengura dosiye ya Uganda mu mwanya w’abacanshuro

Bahuye n’ikimenyetso cya mbere: Bateganyaga kugana muri Ukraine mu bikorwa by’igisirikare.

Ikimenyetso cya kabiri: Bari bizejwe umushahara wa 6,250 USD ku kwezi, ni amafaranga arenze kure asanzwe ahabwa abasirikare b’ingeri nyinshi mu nzego za gisirikare za Ukraine.

Ikimenyetso cya gatatu: Ntibari bagikora mu ngabo za Leta ya Uganda, bityo nta masezerano ya gisirikare cyangwa amasezerano y’ubufatanye agenderwaho.

Ikimenyetso cya kane: Amakuru y’ibanze agaragaza ko bashoboraga kwinjizwa binyuze mu bihuza byigenga, bishobora kuba bifitanye isano n’ibigo by’abacanshuro byo mu mahanga.

Ibi byose bituma dosiye yabo ishobora kugwa mu gitekerezo cy’abacanshuro nk’uko giteganywa n’amategeko ya LONI na OAU.

3. Uburyo amategeko ya OAU/AU abifata

Amasezerano ya OAU yo mu 1977 avuga ko:

Ubucanshuro ari icyaha cyibasira amahoro n’umutekano w’Afurika.

Igihugu gikomokamo umucanshuro kigomba kumufata kikamuhana.

Igihugu cyose gifite inshingano yo kwirinda no guhana ibikorwa byose byo gushaka, gukoresha, gutera inkunga cyangwa gutoza abacanshuro.

Mu rwego rwa AU y’ubu, ibi bikomezwa n’inshingano zayo zo gucunga umutekano mu karere, harimo no kurwanya ibikorwa byose bishobora guhungabanya amahoro ku mugabane.

4. Uburyo LONI ibifata

LONI ibona ubucanshuro nk’ikibazo cy’amahoro mpuzamahanga, kuko:

Akenshi bukoreshwa mu ntambara z’uduce cyangwa intambara zishingiye ku nyungu z’amafaranga.

Bukunze kujyana n’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bw’intambara (war economy), harimo n’icuruzwa ry’intwaro n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro mu buryo butemewe.

Iyo igihugu kigaragaye ko gifite abaturage bakomeje gukora ubucanshuro kandi kitafashe ingamba, gishobora gushyirwa ku gitutu n’Inama y’Umutekano ya LONI, n’ubwo bidahita bituma gifatirwa ibihano.

5. Ingaruka ku baturage bakekwaho mu rwego mpuzamahanga

Bashobora kuburanishwa mu gihugu bakomokamo hashingiwe ku mategeko ahana abacanshuro niba ayo mategeko yarashyizwe mu mategeko y’imbere mu gihugu.

Bashobora no gufatwa nk’abahemukiye umutekano w’igihugu bakomokamo, cyane cyane niba bafite ubumenyi bwa gisirikare bushobora kuzakoreshwa nabi igihe bazaba bagarutse.

Mu gihe bafatiwe mu gihugu cy’intambara (aha ni Ukraine cyangwa u Burusiya), bashobora gufatwa nk’abantu batari abasirikare bemewe, bityo bakabura uburinzi buhabwa abasirikare bafashwe (prisoners of war) n’Amasezerano ya Genève.

6. Icyo Uganda ishobora gukora

Kureba niba hari amategeko ry’imbere mu gihugu rihana abacanshuro, no gukoresha ayo mategeko ku baturage bayo.

Gukorana n’inzego mpuzamahanga nka INTERPOL na LONI mu gusaka no gukurikirana abashobora kuba inyuma y’iri gerageza ryo kohereza abantu mu ntambara.

Gukaza uburinzi ku bijyanye n’ubukangurambaga bwo ku mbuga nkoranyambaga bushishikariza abantu kwinjira mu ntambara z’amahanga.

7. Ingaruka mu rwego rwa politiki mpuzamahanga

Ku mubano wa Uganda n’u Burusiya cyangwa Ukraine: Iki kibazo gishobora gusaba ibisobanuro ku mpande zombi, kugira ngo kigaragazwe ko Uganda atari yo yatumye abo bantu bajya mu ntambara.

Ku rwego rw’Akarere ka EAC: Ibihugu bishobora gutangira kugenzura cyane ingendo z’abahoze mu gisirikare, kugira ngo bitaba intandaro y’uko akarere kabonekamo abantu bitabira intambara z’amahanga.