RDC yikomye Perezida Ruto ku kugena uhagarariye Kenya i Goma: Impaka za dipolomasi n’isesengura ku mutekano w’akarere

RDC yikomye Perezida Ruto ku kugena uhagarariye Kenya i Goma: Impaka za dipolomasi n’isesengura ku mutekano w’akarere

Ku wa 15 Kanama 2025, Perezida wa Kenya William Ruto yatangaje icyemezo gishya cyateye impaka mu karere kose: kugena Judy Kiaria Nkumiri nk’uhagarariye inyungu za Kenya mu mujyi wa Goma, ndetse agena na Moni Manyange nk’Umwungirije w’Ambasaderi w’igihugu cye uzakorera i Kinshasa. Ni icyemezo cyagaragajwe nk’igikorwa cya dipolomasi gisanzwe, ariko cyahise cyakirwa nabi na Leta ya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), ivuga ko ari uguhonyora amategeko agenga imibanire n’ibihugu.

Goma: Umujyi uri mu ntambara yo kurwanirwa icyubahiro

Guhera ku itariki ya 27 Mutarama 2025, umujyi wa Goma uri mu ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, umaze amezi menshi ugenzurwa n’ihuriro ry’inyeshyamba za AFC/M23, nyuma yo gutsinda ingabo za Leta ya RDC (FARDC), imitwe yitwaje intwaro yiswe Wazalendo, ndetse n’abacancuro b’abanyaburayi bari bashyigikiye Kinshasa.

Goma si umujyi usanzwe: ni igicumbi cy’ubucuruzi, umuyoboro w’itumanaho n’ibihugu by’ibituranyi, ndetse n’ahantu habereye ibikorwa byinshi bya Loni n’imiryango mpuzamahanga. Kugeza ubu, kuba ugenzurwa n’umutwe w’inyeshyamba byashyize mu rujijo imikoranire ya dipolomasi n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga.

Ni muri urwo rwego icyemezo cya Perezida Ruto cyo kohereza umudipolomate w’igihugu cye gukorera muri Goma cyahise kivugisha benshi, bamwe babibona nk’ubushishozi bwo kwegera abaturage bahatuye, abandi bakabibona nk’uburyo bwo gushyigikira mu ibanga M23 cyangwa se no kwemera mu buryo butaziguye ko AFC/M23 igenzura uwo mujyi.

Icyitonderwa cya Kinshasa: “Ni uguhonyora amategeko ya dipolomasi”

Ku wa 16 Kanama 2025, Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga ya RDC yasohoye itangazo rikomeye ryamagana icyo cyemezo cya Perezida Ruto.

Iryo tangazo rigira riti:

“Amahame mpuzamahanga agenga dipolomasi ateganya ko uhagararira inyungu z’igihugu ashyirwaho hashingiwe ku bwumvikane bw’ibihugu bibiri. Kinshasa yiteze kwegerwa na Nairobi binyuze mu nzira za dipolomasi zagenwe kandi na yo izasubiriza muri izo nzira, hashingiwe ku mabwiriza y’ubupfura ndetse no kubahana.”

Guverinoma ya RDC yongeyeho ko umujyi wa Goma ugenzurwa na AFC/M23, bityo ko kohereza umudipolomate gukorera aho bidashoboka hatabayeho kumvikana n’ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa.

Yongeyeho iti:

“Muri ubu buryo, itangazo rirebana no kugena uhagararira inyungu z’igihugu i Goma ntirikwiye, kandi ntiryabaye ritekerezwaho hatabayeho kubyemererwa na Leta ya RDC.”

Kinshasa ikaba yashimangiye ko yiteguye gukomeza umubano mwiza na Kenya, ariko ku ishingiro ryo kubahana no kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga.

AFC/M23: Nayo iti “Nta gikorwa nk’icyo cyabera muri Goma M23 itabanje kubitangira uburenganzira”

Mu buryo bwatunguranye, AFC/M23 nayo yahise ibanza kugira icyo ibivugaho mbere y’uko leta ya Kinshasa nayo igira icyo ivuga. Umuvugizi wa M23 yibukije ko uyu mutwe ari wo ufite ububasha bwo kugenzura umujyi wa Goma, bityo ko nta gikorwa cy’ubutwererane cyangwa dipolomasi cyahabera hatabanje kubaho gutanga uburenganzira.

Ibi bikaba byashimangiye urujijo ruri mu makimbirane hagati y’ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa, umutwe wa M23, n’ibihugu by’ibituranyi bishaka kugira ijambo ku mutekano w’akarere ka Kivu.

Impamvu zishobora kuba zaratumye Ruto afata iki cyemezo

Abasesenguzi ba politiki mpuzamahanga batangaza ko Perezida Ruto ashobora kuba yarashingiye ku mpamvu nyinshi zitandukanye, zirimo:

Gushyigikira ibigo n’abaturage ba Kenya bari mu burasirazuba bwa DRC; cyane cyane abakora ubucuruzi muri Goma na Bukavu.

Kwerekana uruhare rwa Kenya nk’umuhuza mu karere nyuma y’uko yaherukaga gukoresha ibiganiro by’amahoro hagati ya Kinshasa na M23 ariko ntibyavamo umuti urambye.

Gutanga ubutumwa bw’uko Kenya ishobora kugirana imikoranire n’ubutegetsi bwa M23 mu ibanga, nu’bwo bidatangarwa mu buryo bweruye, abasesenguzi bamwe bavuga ko iyi gahunda ishobora kuba ari ikimenyetso cy’uko Nairobi ishaka kugira ijambo ku bijyanye n’uko umujyi wa Goma uzayoborwa.

Ingaruka ku mubano wa Nairobi na Kinshasa

Iki cyemezo cyahise gitera igihu hagati ya Kenya na RDC.

Kinshasa ishobora gufata iki gikorwa nk’ikimenyetso cyo gushaka kugabanya ububasha bwayo ku burasirazuba bwa Congo, cyane cyane mu gihe imirwano ikomeje.

Nairobi yo ishobora kugerageza gusobanura ko ari igikorwa cya dipolomasi gisanzwe, ariko bikaba bigoye gusobanura uburyo umudipolomate azakorera ahantu Leta y’igihugu kigenzura idafite ububasha bwo kugenzura.

Ubu bushyamirane bushobora gutuma ibiganiro hagati y’impande zombi bisubira inyuma, cyangwa bikongera intambara y’amagambo hagati ya RDC na Kenya.

Afurika y’Iburasirazuba mu rujijo

Iki kibazo kije mu gihe umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) ukomeje kugaragaza intege nke mu gukemura ibibazo by’umutekano muri Kivu.

U Rwanda, Uganda, Burundi na Tanzania byose bifite inyungu zitandukanye mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Uko Kenya yitwaye bishobora gufatwa nk’uburyo bwo gushaka kwigarurira ijambo mu karere cyangwa se no kuba “umuhuza wizewe” hagati ya M23 na Leta ya Kinshasa.

Ariko kandi, ibyo bishobora guteza amakimbirane mu muryango nyir’izina, aho ibihugu bidashyigikiye M23 byumva ko Ruto yaba ayifashije mu buryo butaziguye.

Ese kugena uhagarariye Kenya i Goma bishobora gufatwa nko kwemera ko ari igihugu kigenga?

Iki ni cyo kibazo gikomeye abasesenguzi benshi bibajije. Iyo igihugu gishyize umudipolomate mu gace kagenzurwa n’indi mitwe idafite ububasha bwa Leta, bishobora kumvikana nk’ugusezeranya ko ugace kagenzurwa nk’igihugu kigenga.

Mu mateka, ibikorwa nk’ibi byagiye bituma havuka impaka ziremereye:

Mu gihe cya Kosovo, ibihugu byashyize abahagarariye inyungu zabyo i Pristina mbere y’uko byose byemeranya ku cyemezo cya politiki.

Mu burasirazuba bwa Ukraine, ibikorwa bya dipolomasi bimwe na bimwe byagiye bifatwa nk’uburyo bwo kwemera mu ibanga ko hari “ubutegetsi bwigenga.”

Bityo, icyemezo cya Ruto kirebwa na Kinshasa nk’igikorwa gikomeye cy’ubusumbane bw’amategeko, gishobora gufatwa nk’uko Kenya yaba yemeye mu buryo butaziguye ko AFC/M23 ari ubutegetsi bwemewe mu Goma.

Icyemezo cya Perezida William Ruto cyo kugena Judy Kiaria Nkumiri nk’uhagarariye Kenya i Goma cyahinduye isura y’ububanyi n’amahanga hagati ya Nairobi na Kinshasa.

Guverinoma ya RDC yamaganye iki cyemezo, ivuga ko ari uguhonyora amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga dipolomasi.

AFC/M23 nayo yashyizeho imipaka, yibutsa ko ari yo igenzura Goma.

Abasesenguzi babibona nk’uburyo Kenya ishaka kwigaragaza nk’umuhuza cyangwa se nk’igihugu gitinya kwinjira mu bibazo by’uburasirazuba bwa Congo.

iki gikorwa gishyize mu rujijo ku mutekano n’ububanyi n’amahanga mu karere ka Kivu, kikongera amakimbirane asanzwe hagati ya Leta ya Kinshasa, AFC/M23, n’ibihugu by’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba.

Uko bizagenda mu minsi iri imbere, bizaterwa n’ukuntu Kinshasa na Nairobi bizaganira cyangwa se bizarushaho gutandukana, ariko byombi bihuriye ku kintu kimwe: Goma iracyari umutima w’imiyoborere, intambara, n’ububanyi n’amahanga mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.