Ibicuruzwa 10 bya mbere byatumijwe hanze y’igihugu ku bwinshi, harimo n’ibyo abaturage bashobora kwibonera bashyize imbaraga ku murimo

Ibicuruzwa 10 bya mbere byatumijwe hanze y’igihugu ku bwinshi, harimo n’ibyo abaturage bashobora kwibonera bashyize imbaraga ku murimo.

Mu myaka ya vuba, u Rwanda rwagaragaje ubushake bukomeye bwo guteza imbere inganda no gushyigikira gahunda ya Made in Rwanda. Intego ni ukugabanya igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga no kongera ibyoherezwa hanze, kugira ngo ubukungu bushingire ku musaruro w’igihugu. Nyamara, imibare yerekana ko urugendo rukiri rurerure, cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’ibiribwa nk’umuceri, isukari n’amavuta yo guteka, kimwe n’ibikoresho nkenerwa mu nganda no mu buzima bwa buri munsi.

Muri 2024, u Rwanda rwatumije mu mahanga ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro ka miliyari 6,5$, avuye kuri miliyari 3,1$ mu 2017. Icyuho kiri hagati y’ibitumizwa n’ibyoherezwa cyageze kuri miliyari 2,3$, ibintu bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku gaciro k’ifaranga ry’igihugu.

Ifaranga ry’igihugu ritakaza agaciro iyo igihugu gikeneye amadorali menshi kurusha ayo kibona. Abacuruzi bashaka kwishyura ibicuruzwa batumije hanze, amabanki akenera amadovize yo kubahiriza amasezerano mpuzamahanga, ndetse n’abashoramari bifuza gukura inyungu zabo mu gihugu. Ibi byose bituma icyifuzo cy’amadorali cyiyongera.

Dore rero uko ibicuruzwa bya mbere 10 byatumijwe mu mahanga, hakaba hakwiye ingamba zireba buri gicuruzwa kugira ngo ubukungu bw’igihugu buzamuke n’ifaranga nitrite agaciro bitewe n’ibitumizwa hanze y’igihugu.

1. Ibikomoka kuri peteroli ni byo byari ku isonga mu byatumijwe: miliyoni 680$ mu 2024, ugereranyije na miliyoni 621$ mu 2023. Aha abantu bagirwa inama yo kwibanda cyane ku binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, abandi aho bishoboka bakifashisha amagare ndetse byanaba ngombwa abantu bagahitamo kwifashisha kugenda n’amaguru mu gihe nta bwihutirwe bafite kandi bari no kujya ahantu hatari kure cyane, byaba na ngombwa ababishoboye bakaba babanza kugabanya ingendo aho bishoboka bagatega ibinyabiziga ari uko bananiwe nabyo hari icyo byabafasha ku giciro bagombaga kwishyura nk’iyo aho bagenda hakenera gutega moto cyangwa tax voiture.

 

2. Umuceri: kimwe mu biribwa by’ibanze ku meza y’abanyarwanda, ni cyo gicuruzwa cya kabiri cyatumijwe mu mahanga ku bwinshi. Mu 2024 wonyine, u Rwanda rwawutumije ufite agaciro ka miliyoni 317$, uvuye kuri miliyoni 239$ mu 2023, bingana n’izamuka rya 32,8%.

Isoko ry’u Rwanda ryari rikeneye toni 596,9 mu 2024, mu gihe abahinzi b’imbere mu gihugu basaruye toni ibihumbi 141,9 gusa. Aha rero hari abatanze ibitekerezo birimo icy’uko nk’igishanga cya Nyabarongo kiramutse gitunganyijwe neza gishobora guhaza isoko ryose ry’Urwanda ndetse kikanasagurira amahanga, mu myaka yo hambere hakaba hari abagiye bumvikanisha ko uko icyo gishanga kimeze kuri ubu kiramutse gitunganyijwe bishobora gutera imihindagurikire mibi y’ikirere bityo bigakurura akaga gakomeye gaherekejwe n’inzara itarigeze ibaho, ariko na none ku rundi ruhande biramutse bikoranywe ubushishozi bikaba byashoboka ko ntacyo byakwangiza, urugero niba ibyatsi by’urufunzo byimezamo aribyo bifite aho bihuriye n’ubwo bushakashatsi, hakaba haterwa ibiti ku nkengero z’uruzi n’ahandi ha ngombwa ariko icyo gishanga cyose ntigipfe ubusa cyose.

Ku rundi ruhande nanone, Jean Baptiste Bucyanayandi, Perezida wa Koperative ihinga umuceri mu gishanga cya Cyiri (Gisagara), avuga ko ubushobozi bwo guhaza isoko buhari:

“Imbuto zacu zera mu mezi ane cyangwa atanu. Iyo dufashijwe n’amazi n’ifumbire, twakurikirana intego yo guhangana n’umuceri winjizwa mu mahanga. Gahunda ni ukongera umusaruro ku buryo tutazongera gutumiza byinshi.”

Mu gihe hari n’abatebya bavuga ko Dr Rusa yaba avuga ko kwihaza ku muceri bishoboka. Uwitwa Oscal Muramira watanze igitekerezo ku gihe.com mu masaha 22 ashize, yanditse  agira ati: “Dr Rusa yatubwiye ko igishanga cya Nyabarongo gitunganyijwe neza cyagaburira 50,000,0000 z’abantu bagahaga niba aribyo kuki batamuha akazi ngo abikore? Kandi ngo amafaranga yubatse amahoro stadium yagitunganya sinzi niba stadium igaburira miriyoni zingahe cyangwa kurya atari priority tubimenye, kuki umuceri wo mu Rwanda uborera ku mbuga wabuze abaguzi kandi ducyenera undi wo hanze? Biriya byose abayobozi bashyizemo imbaraga muri 5 ans twaba dutumiza fuel gusa nayo nkeya, uti gute? Imodoka bazana abashoramari bazikorera hano kandi iz’amashanyarazi fuel icyenewe ikagabanuka, umuceri, amavuta n’isukari twabihinga ubutaka bwaba buto tukajya kubihinga za Tanzania, congo braza, Gabon bikaza ari raw materials inganda zibitunganya zikaba hano, amafi aho kuyororera harahari, imiti, ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi na cement kureshya abashoramari bo gushinga inganda zibikora biroroshye mu gihe twaba dufite umutekano , amashanyarazi n’amazi bihagije kandi bihendutse, imihanda ari myiza nibibuga byindege bihari”.

 

3. Isukari: miliyoni 238$ (kuva kuri miliyoni 192$ mu 2023). Isukari nayo hari abatanze ibitekerezo bavuga ko ibisheke biramutse byitaweho bigahingwa ku buso bunini, bikajyanwa n’inganda zikora isukari, ikibazo cy’isukari itumizwa mu mahanga cyakemuka.

Uwitwa Fred K nawe watanze igitekerezo ku gihe.com mu masaha 21 ashize yaranditse ati: “ Ku biribwa byo biterwa na minisiteri ibishinzwe kuko mu Rwanda hari ibishanga byinshi byahigwamo umuceri n’ibisheke bibyara isukari, ikindi hagakwiye gushyirwaho n’itegeko ko ba nyir’ubutaka bwo guhingamo batabuhinga babwamburwa bugahabwa ababuhinga kandi hakibandwa guhinga imbuto zera vuba

Ku bijyanye na essanse na mazutu hari hakwiye kwibandwa kubinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi. Ikindi Leta yari ikwiye kwimakaza gutera ibiti by’ imbuto ziribwa nk’ imyembe , avoka , amaronji , … Ahubwo Leta igashaka za mbuto zera vuba.

Cyari igitekereze nyabuna hatagira untera umujugujugu munsi iki giti cyange niyicariyemo nugama IZUBA, Amahoro kuri mwese”.

4. Amavuta yo guteka: miliyoni 207$ (ari munsi ya miliyoni 237$ mu 2023). Aha naho hari hakiye gutekerezwa ukuntu imikindo iterwa hirya no hino ku mihanda yajya ivangwamo n’imikindo yeraho amamesa, ikindi hari abajya bakora amavuta muri avoka no mu bihwagari, muri soya no mu bunyobwa, aha naho hari hakwiye gushyirwaho ingamba zo kugena ubuso buhingwaho ibyo bihingwa ku bwinshi, byanashoboka bikaba itegeko kuri buri muturge akaba afite nk’igiti cya avoka zera vuba kugira ngo hazibwe icyo cyuho.

 

5. Imodoka: miliyoni 108$ (muri 2023 zari miliyoni 113$). Ikibazo cy’imodoka zitumizwa mu mahanga nacyo cyashakirwa umuti wo gukangurira abanyarwanda kwakira kubaho ubuzima busanzwe kuko imodoka ataricyo gipimo cy’umuturage ubayeho ubuzima bw’ibyishimo. Aha kandi hashyirwaho ingamba nyinshi zo kubyaza umusaruro imisozi myiza ibereye ijisho iboneka mu gihugu cyacu, ahashoboka hose hakajya uburyo bwo gushyiraho ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere aho imodoka zigendera ku migozi yo mu kirere zashyirwa ahantu henshi hashoboka, maze hakanajyaho uburyo bwo kuzikorera mu gihugu.

 

6. Sima: miliyoni 94$ (kuva kuri miliyoni 67$ mu 2023). Inganda zikora amakaro nazo zigomba kwiga ku kindi kintu cyasimbura sima amakaro yafataho, abaturage nabo bagakangurirwa kugana amakaro, hakanarebwa niba nta zindi nganda zo mu gihugu zakora isima ikenerwa mu kubaka amazu cyangwa nanone niba nta kindi kintu cyakorwa mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga cyavamo ibikora nka sima. Aha abakora ubushakashatsi kuri science nibo bagomba kubishyiramo imbaraga.

 

7. Amafi: miliyoni 92$ (kuva kuri miliyoni 70$ mu 2023). Ibyuzi, ibiyanga, imigezi, byose bijya bibonekamo amafi. Hari hakwiye kubaho uburyo bwihariye bwo gushakisha icyazamura cyane umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu.

 

8. Insinga n’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi: miliyoni 85$ (kuva kuri miliyoni 62$ mu 2023). Aha naho haramutse hashyizweho inganda zikomeye imbere mu gihugu, zikora n’ibikoresho biri ku rwego mpuzamahanga hari icyo byafasha.

 

9. Imiti n’ibikoresho byo kwa muganga: miliyoni 82$ (imanutse ugereranyije na miliyoni 91$ mu 2023). Inganda z’imbere mu gihugu zikeneye gutezwa imbere mu buryo bugaragara kandi buri wese akabigira ibye.

 

10. Ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi bitanga amajwi n’amashusho byaguzwe miliyoni 75$ mu gihe mu 2023 byari byaguzwe miliyoni 142$. Aha naho ni cya kibazo cy’inganda, kiramutse gishakiwe umuti urambye byose byatungana, abanyagihugu baba badafite ubushobozi, abanyamahanga bagakangurirwa gushinga inganda zabo zisanzwe zikora ibyo bintu, bakazishinga ku butaka bw’u Rwanda.

 

Intego za Leta: Gukuba kabiri ibyoherezwa

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yihaye intego yo gukuba kabiri ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, bikava kuri miliyari 3,5$ mu 2024 bikagera kuri miliyari 7,3$ mu 2029. Byitezwe ko agaciro k’ibyoherezwa kazazamuka ku kigero cya 13% buri mwaka, kandi ko ugereranyije n’ibitumizwa bizava kuri 61% mu 2023 bikagera kuri 77% mu 2029.

Aha Made in Rwanda ishobora gutanga ibisubizo

Mu myaka yashize, u Rwanda rwagaragaje ubushake bukomeye mu kuzamura inganda n’ubucuruzi bushingiye ku byoherezwa mu mahanga, mu rwego rwo kugabanya icyuho kinini hagati y’ibyoherezwa n’ibitumizwayo. Leta yashyize imbere gahunda ya “Made in Rwanda”, igamije guteza imbere ibikorerwa imbere mu gihugu no guha amahirwe abahinzi n’inganda z’imbere mu gihugu. Ariko n’ubwo intambwe nyinshi zafashwe, ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko hakiri inzira ndende, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’umuceri, kimwe mu biribwa bikenerwa cyane n’abaturage ariko kigatumizwa ku bwinshi mu mahanga.

Inyandiko y’Inzobere

Dr. Emmanuel N., umusesenguzi mu bukungu, avuga ko ikibazo cy’u Rwanda atari ubushobozi bwo guhinga ahubwo ari politiki z’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka n’isoko. Ati:

“Niba u Rwanda rushaka kugabanya icyuho, rugomba gushyiraho gahunda ishyira ku murongo ubutaka buhingwa, gufasha amakoperative kubona imbuto n’ifumbire, no kongera ubushobozi bw’inganda zitunganya ibiribwa. Naho ubundi tuzakomeza kuba abaguzi aho kuba abacuruzi.”

Inkuru y’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga yerekana ko u Rwanda rukiri mu rugendo rurerure rwo kugera ku bukungu bwigenga. Abaturage batanga ibitekerezo, bamwe basaba impinduka mu mikorere, abandi bakifuza kongera ingufu mu kubyaza ubutaka umusaruro.

Leta y’u Rwanda ifite intego yo gukuba kabiri ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu myaka itanu iri imbere. Ariko nk’uko amajwi y’abaturage abigaragaza, urugendo ruzashoboka gusa niba politiki z’ubuhinzi zishingira ku bikorwa bifatika, urubyiruko rukitabira ubuhinzi, n’ubutaka bugakoreshwa neza.