Andry Rajoelina yambuwe ubwenegihugu bwa Madagascar

Andry Rajoelina yambuwe ubwenegihugu bwa Madagascar

Andry Rajoelina, wahoze ari Perezida wa Madagascar mu bihe bibiri bitandukanye (2009–2014 na 2019–2025), yambuwe ubwenegihugu bw’iki kirwa nyuma yo gushinjwa kugira ubundi bwenegihugu yahawe n’u Bufaransa mu buryo butubahirije amategeko. Icyemezo cyafashwe na Minisitiri w’Intebe w’inzibacyuho, Herintsalama Rajaonarivelo, kuri uyu wa 24 Ukwakira 2025, cyasize kigaragaje iherezo ry’urugendo rwa politiki rwa Rajoelina, wari umaze imyaka irenga 15 ari umwe mu bantu bakomeye muri politiki ya Madagascar.

Itangiriro ry’urubanza rw’ubwenegihugu

Nk’uko biteganywa n’itegeko ryasohotse mu 1960, umuntu wese ufite ubwenegihugu bwa Madagascar udasabye uburenganzira bwo kugumana ubundi bwenegihugu aba yitesheje ubwa mbere. Ku bw’ibyo, Rajoelina yambuwe ubwenegihugu bwa Madagascar nyuma yo kwemezwa ko kuva mu 2014 yari afite ubwenegihugu bw’u Bufaransa, igihugu cyamwakiriye nk’umuturage wacyo mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko.

Itangazo rya guverinoma ryasomwe kuri televiziyo y’igihugu TVM, rivuga riti:

“Uhereye ku itariki ya 24 Ukwakira 2025, Bwana Andry Nirina Rajoelina ntiyongera gufatwa nk’umuturage wa Repubulika ya Madagascar. Amategeko agenga ubwenegihugu avuga ko umuntu wese wemeye kugumana ubundi bwenegihugu adasabye uburenganzira aburambirwaho.”

Ni icyemezo cyafashwe nyuma y’igenzura ryimbitse ryashyizwe imbere na Komisiyo yihariye yashinzwe n’ubutegetsi bwa gisirikare buyoboye igihugu kuva muri Nzeri 2025, ubwo Colonel Micheal Randrianirina yayoboraga ihirikwa rya Rajoelina.

Uko yakuwe ku butegetsi

Ku wa 14 Nzeri 2025, abasilikare bayobowe na Col Randrianirina bafashe ubutegetsi nyuma y’imyigaragambyo yari imaze ibyumweru irimo kwiyongera mu mijyi nka Antananarivo, Toamasina na Fianarantsoa. Abigaragambyaga bavugaga ko Rajoelina yananiwe gukemura ibibazo by’ubukungu, by’umwihariko ibura ry’amazi meza n’umuriro w’amashanyarazi ryari rimaze imyaka irenga ibiri rikomeje kwiyongera.

Mu butumwa bwe bwa nyuma ku baturage, bwanyujijwe ku rubuga rwa Facebook, Rajoelina yagize ati:

“Nta na rimwe nigeze nshaka gukandamiza abaturage banjye. Nakoze ibishoboka byose ngo tugire igihugu gitekanye. Ariko ndasaba amahoro n’ubwiyunge.”

Nyuma y’iminsi mike, byatangajwe ko yahungiye mu Bufaransa, igihugu yari asanzwe afite ubwenegihugu bwacyo.

Ubwenegihugu bw’u Bufaransa bwari bwarahishuwe kera

Kuva mu 2023, hari amakuru yari yaragiye atangazwa n’ibinyamakuru byo muri Paris n’Antananarivo avuga ko Rajoelina yahawe ubwenegihugu bw’u Bufaransa muri 2014, ubwo yari yaragiye kuba i Paris nyuma yo kwegura ku butegetsi bwa gisirikare yari ayoboye kuva mu 2009.

Ubwo ayo makuru yatangazwaga, Rajoelina ubwe yemeye ko ari ukuri, asobanura ko “yabikoze mu nyungu z’abana be,” kugira ngo babone amahirwe yo kwiga neza mu mashuri y’u Bufaransa. Yagize ati:

“Nari umubyeyi ushaka ejo heza ku bana be. Ubwenegihugu bw’u Bufaransa nabubonye ku mpamvu z’umuryango, si ku nyungu za politiki.”

Icyo gihe, Komisiyo y’amatora y’igihugu yari yavuze ko kuba afite ubwenegihugu bubiri “bidahindura uburenganzira bwe bwo kwiyamamaza,” kuko nta tegeko ryari risobanuye neza ibijyanye n’ubwenegihugu bubiri ku bakandida. Nyamara nyuma y’ihirikwa rye, inzibacyuho ishinzwe kuyobora igihugu yahise ivuga ko icyo cyari “icyaha cya politiki gikomeye” kandi “cyabangamiye icyubahiro cy’igihugu.”

Ingaruka ku buzima bwe bwa politiki

Kwamburwa ubwenegihugu bivuze ko Rajoelina atazigera yongera kwiyamamariza kuyobora Madagascar cyangwa kugira inshingano za leta. Itegeko ry’igihugu rivuga ko umuntu utari umuturage wa Madagascar “adashobora gukora imirimo ifitanye isano n’ubuyobozi cyangwa politiki y’igihugu.”

Dr. Lalaina Andrianarisoa, impuguke mu mategeko mpuzamahanga, yasobanuye ko “icyemezo cyo kumwambura ubwenegihugu ari igihano gikomeye kurusha kuba yakuwe ku butegetsi.”
Yagize ati:

“Ubu, mu buryo bw’amategeko, Rajoelina ni umunyamahanga. Ntashobora kugira umutungo w’ubutaka muri Madagascar, nta burenganzira afite bwo gutora cyangwa gutorwa, kandi ntashobora gusubira mu gihugu adahawe uburenganzira bwihariye n’inzibacyuho.”

Uko byakiriwe mu gihugu

Abanyamadagasikara benshi babonye iki gikorwa nk’iherezo ry’igihe cy’umuyobozi wari warabaye ikirangirire mu myaka ya 2010. Mu murwa mukuru, bamwe bavuze ko ari ubutabera bwatinze, abandi bagasanga ari ukwihorera kwa gisirikare.

Hantanirina, umucuruzi wo mu isoko rya Analakely, yavuze ati:

“Yadutereye icyizere ariko yaradusize. Kuri njye, kuba yambuwe ubwenegihugu ni nk’igihano cyoroheje. Yari yarabaye umunyamahanga kera.”

Ariko Rivo Rakotomalala, umwe mu bakurikiranaga politiki ya Rajoelina kuva kera, yemeza ko ari ikimenyetso cy’uko politiki ya Madagascar igenda irushaho gufata isura ya gisirikare.

“Icyemezo cyose gifatwa n’ igisirikare mu izina ry’amategeko gishyira igihugu mu nzira iteye impungenge. Ubu nta n’umwe wizeye ko hazabaho amatora yisanzuye mu gihe cya vuba.”

Icyo guverinoma y’inzibacyuho ivuga

Minisitiri w’Intebe w’inzibacyuho, Herintsalama Rajaonarivelo, yavuze ko “nta muntu uri hejuru y’amategeko.” Mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abanyamakuru, yavuze ko “Rajoelina yishe amategeko y’igihugu ubwo yakiraga ubwenegihugu bw’u Bufaransa adasabye uburenganzira bwo kugumana ubwa Madagascar.”

Yongeyeho ko inzibacyuho “izakomeza gusubiza igihugu mu murongo w’ukuri n’ubunyangamugayo,” anashimangira ko “nta mpamvu y’uko abantu batekereza ko ari ukwihorera.”

Yagize ati:

“Madagascar ifite amategeko agenga buri wese, yaba umuturage usanzwe cyangwa uwahoze ari perezida. Ntidushobora kwihanganira ko umuntu wigeze kuyobora igihugu abeshya abaturage be.”

Ibitekerezo by’amahanga

U Bufaransa bwo bwirinze kugira icyo butangaza ku cyemezo cyo kwambura Rajoelina ubwenegihugu bwa Madagascar. Umuvugizi w’ububanyi n’amahanga w’u Bufaransa yavuze gusa ko “Andry Rajoelina ari umuturage w’u Bufaransa kandi afite uburenganzira busesuye nk’abandi bose.”

Ishami rya Loni rishinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu (OHCHR) ryasabye Madagascar “kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga no kwirinda gukoresha amategeko y’ubwenegihugu nk’intwaro ya politiki.”

Inyandiko y’amateka y’umuyobozi w’inkundura

Rajoelina, wavutse mu 1974, yamenyekanye nk’umuhanzi n’umunyamuziki mbere yo kwinjira muri politiki. Mu 2009, afite imyaka 34 gusa, yayoboye ihirikwa rya Perezida Marc Ravalomanana, yishyiriraho ubutegetsi bwa gisirikare bwamuhaye izina rya “filoha w’inzibacyuho.”

Nyuma y’imyaka itanu y’ihagarikwa ry’ubuyobozi bwe, yatsinze amatora yo mu 2018, agaruka ku butegetsi mu 2019. Ku ngoma ye, yashyize imbere ibikorwa remezo, imishinga y’amajyambere y’ubuhinzi n’ubukerarugendo, ariko nanone yibasirwa n’amakosa y’imiyoborere, ruswa n’ivangura rya politiki.

Yari umwe mu baperezida bake bo muri Afurika bagize ubudahangarwa bw’igihe kirekire mu rwego rwa politiki, nubwo igihe cye cyaranzwe n’amakimbirane hagati y’inzego z’umutekano n’abigaragambya.

Uko ibintu bihagaze ubu

Mu gihe Rajoelina akiri mu Bufaransa, ubutegetsi bwa Madagascar buri gukomeza gusukura inzego zose z’igihugu. Abahoze ari abaminisitiri 17 ku ngoma ye bamaze guhagarikwa mu kazi, abandi batandatu bafungiwe ibyaha bya ruswa.

Amakuru aturuka muri Antananarivo avuga ko Colonel Randrianirina ashaka gushyiraho “inteko y’ubwiyunge n’amategeko” izategura amatora mashya mu 2026. Gusa kugeza ubu, nta gihe cyagenwe ku buryo bwemewe n’amategeko.

Icyerekezo cya politiki ya Madagascar

Kwambura ubwenegihugu Andry Rajoelina byahinduye isura ya politiki muri Madagascar. Abasesenguzi benshi bavuga ko ubu igihugu cyinjiye mu gihe gishya cy’“impinduka z’itegeko” zishobora gukurura ibiganiro bishya hagati ya gisirikare, amashyaka ya politiki n’abaturage.

Dr. Jean Luc Rafidison, impuguke mu bya politiki mpuzamahanga, yavuze ati:

“Kwambura ubwenegihugu Perezida wahoze ari ku butegetsi ni igikorwa gishobora gutuma igihugu cyinjira mu murongo mushya, ariko gishobora no gukurura intambara y’amagambo n’iy’amategeko hagati y’abashyigikiye ubutegetsi n’abahirimbyiye demokarasi.”

Kugeza ubu, Rajoelina ntacyo aratangaza ku cyemezo kimukura mu baturage ba Madagascar. Icyakora, bamwe mu bo mu muryango we bemeza ko “ari gutegura ikirego” ku rwego mpuzamahanga, asaba ko uburenganzira bwe bwo kuba umuturage bwubahirizwa nk’uko biteganywa n’amasezerano mpuzamahanga.

Kwamburwa ubwenegihugu kwa Andry Rajoelina si inkuru yoroheje muri Madagascar. Ni iherezo ry’urugendo rwa politiki rw’umugabo wigeze gufatwa nk’intwari n’abaturage, ariko nyuma agasiga igihugu mu ihungabana ry’ubukungu n’imibereho. Mu gihe yibera mu Bufaransa, igihugu cye kiri gushaka inzira nshya yo kwiyubaka, n’ubwo hakiri igihu ku hazaza ha politiki yacyo.