Abasirikare ba FDNB bahanishijwe kuzenguruka u Burundi n’amaguru bazira kwishyuza umushahara barwaniye muri RDC
Abasirikare ba FDNB bahanishijwe kuzenguruka u Burundi n’amaguru bazira kwishyuza umushahara barwaniye muri RDC
Umwuka w’uburakari n’agahinda urakomeje mu ngabo z’u Burundi nyuma y’uko abasirikare bagera kuri mirongo itatu (30) bahanishijwe igihano gikomeye cyo kuzenguruka igihugu cyose n’amaguru, bazira kwishyuza amafaranga bavuga ko ari umushahara bagombaga guhabwa nyuma yo kurwanira muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC).
Amakuru yemejwe n’imiryango y’abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu ndetse n’abasirikare bavuye mu ngabo mu bihe bitandukanye, avuga ko aba basirikare bose bari mu mutwe w’Ingabo z’u Burundi (FDNB) w’aboherejwe gufasha FARDC (ingabo za Congo) mu burasirazuba bw’icyo gihugu, mu ntambara z’urudaca zirwanwa n’umutwe wa M23.
Uburyo byose byatangiye
Inkuru yatangiye gucicikana ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ku mugoroba wo ku wa 22 Ukwakira 2025, ubwo impirimbanyi y’uburenganzira bwa muntu Pacifique Nininahazwe yandikaga ku rubuga X (yahoze ari Twitter) ko yamenye amakuru “y’abasirikare ba FDNB bahanwe igihano cy’agashinyaguro nyuma yo gusaba amafaranga yabo barwaniye muri Congo.”
Mu butumwa bwe, Nininahazwe yaragize ati:
“Abasirikare bamwe mu bajyanywe kurwana muri DRC bahanwe igihano cyo kuzenguruka u Burundi n’amaguru. Ibyo babitewe no gusaba ubuyobozi bwabo kubishyura amafaranga bemerewe n’icyo gihugu cyangwa Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe. Ni igihano kidasanzwe kandi gishobora kwangiza imibereho yabo.”
Amakuru yakurikiyeho avuga ko aba basirikare bari bategerejwe mu nama yagombaga kubera i Muramvya, aho Umugaba Mukuru w’Ingabo z’u Burundi, Jenerali Prime Niyongabo, yari agiye kubaganiriza ku birebana n’imyitwarire y’ingabo zavuye mu butumwa bw’amahoro, ariko iyo nama ntibayijyamo.
Umwe mu bahoze muri FDNB, utashatse gutangazwa amazina ye ku mpamvu z’umutekano, yabwiye Ikinyamakuru cyacu ati:
“Abo basirikare bari bafite amabaruwa agaragaza amafaranga bagombaga guhabwa. Bavugaga ko bamaze amezi menshi badahabwa na rimwe umushahara wabo wa RDC. Ubuyobozi bw’igisirikare bwabifashe nk’ubwigomeke.”
Igihano gikomeye cyatunguye benshi
Kuri uwo wa Gatatu nimugoroba, amakuru yemeza ko aba basirikare bahise bahabwa igihano cyo “kuzenguruka igihugu cyose n’amaguru” nk’uko byatangajwe n’ababyeyi b’abo basirikare ndetse n’ababarizwa mu miryango yabo.
Umuturage wo muri Ruyigi wabonye aba basirikare banyura mu karere kabo yabwiye itangazamakuru ati:
“Bari mu mirongo ibiri, bafite imitwaro ku bitugu, bamwe bambaye imyenda ya gisirikare ishaje. Bari bafite uburakari mu maso, abandi bagaragara nk’abashonje. Twababajwe n’uko batemererwa kuruhuka cyangwa kuganira n’abaturage.”
Ku mugoroba wo ku wa 22 Ukwakira, bamwe muri bo bari bageze mu yahoze ari Intara ya Ruyigi, nk’uko amakuru y’imbere mu ngabo abivuga, mu gihe abandi bari bakiri hagati ya Gitega na Karuzi. Urugendo rwabo rukaba rugamije kugera ku mipaka y’igihugu, aho bazasubira i Bujumbura nyuma yo kuzenguruka igihugu hose.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko iki gihano gifite isura yo “guca intege abandi basirikare bashobora kuvuga ku bijyanye n’amafaranga yabo,” kuko kiri mu murongo w’amategeko ya gisirikare y’u Burundi asaba “kubahiriza ubuyobozi uko byagenda kose.”
Amateka y’ibibazo by’imishahara mu ngabo z’u Burundi
Si ubwa mbere habaye ikibazo kijyanye n’imishahara y’abasirikare boherezwa mu butumwa bw’amahoro cyangwa mu bikorwa bya gisirikare hanze y’igihugu.
Mu myaka ya 2011 na 2014, abasirikare b’u Burundi bari mu butumwa bwa AMISOM muri Somalia na bo bavuze ko batishyuwe neza. Bamwe bavugaga ko amafaranga yo mu rwego rwa prime de mission (agasoko k’inkunga y’aboherejwe mu butumwa) yagiye yinjira mu mifuka ya bamwe mu bayobozi.
Muri 2023, ubwo u Burundi bwoherezaga intumwa zayo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC, hari abofisiye batangarije mu ibanga ko “umushahara wa buri musirikare uri hagati ya 250 na 300$ ku kwezi,” ariko ngo hari amezi menshi atishyurwa neza.
Umwe mu bahoze ari ofisiye muri FDNB yagize ati:
“Iyo uri mu butumwa nk’ubwo, uba utegereje ko uzabona ikjyanye n’ingaruka z’urugamba. Abasirikare barwanye ahantu hakomeye nka Sake na Rutshuru, bamwe bahavanye ubumuga, abandi barapfuye. Ni ibintu biruhije kubona ko abandi bakiriho babwirwa ngo ‘nta mafaranga yanyu yabonetse’.”
Guverinoma yicecekeye, ariko abaturage baravuga
Guverinoma y’u Burundi kugeza ubu ntiragira icyo itangaza ku mugaragaro kuri iki kibazo. Umunyamakuru wacu yagerageje kuvugisha umuvugizi wa Minisiteri y’Ingabo, Col. Floribert Biyereke, ariko ntiyashoboye gufatirwa kuri telefoni ye.
Ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, Abanyagihugu benshi bagaragaje umujinya n’agahinda. Umwe yanditse ati:
“Abasirikare bacu barwanira igihugu, bagasigara barushye kandi babura ibyo bemerewe. Kubahana kuzenguruka igihugu n’amaguru ni igihano cy’ubushinyaguzi.”
Undi na we ati:
“Nta gihugu cyubaka amahoro cyirukana abasirikare bacyo binyuze kubazerereza mu mihanda kubera gusaba amafaranga yabo. Ibi ni ibigaragaza uburyo ubuyobozi bwa gisirikare butitaye ku mibereho y’abakozi babwo.”
Ibyo u Burundi bwungukira mu ntambara ya DRC
U Burundi ni kimwe mu bihugu byohereje ingabo mu burasirazuba bwa Congo muri gahunda ya East African Regional Force (EACRF) ndetse no mu rwego rw’amasezerano hagati ya Kinshasa na Bujumbura yo guhangana n’umutwe wa M23.
Abasesenguzi b’ibya politiki bavuga ko u Burundi bushobora kuba bwungukira mu buryo bubiri:
- Politiki: gukomeza umubano na Perezida Félix Tshisekedi, cyane cyane mu gihe RDC ikomeje kurwanya imitwe yitwaje intwaro.
- Ubukungu: kuba hari amafaranga atangwa na RDC cyangwa n’imiryango mpuzamahanga nk’inkunga ku bihugu byohereza ingabo.
Ariko ikibazo gikomeye ni uko ayo mafaranga atagerera ku basirikare ku giti cyabo, ahubwo akagenda mu nzego z’ubuyobozi.
Umwe mu basesenguzi b’i Nairobi yabwiye Ikinyamakuru cyacu ati:
“Mu gihe ibihugu byinshi bya Afurika bigira ibibazo by’imiyoborere mu ngabo, u Burundi bwabaye nk’urugero rw’uko ubutegetsi bushobora gukoresha igisirikare mu nyungu zabwo. Icyo kibazo cy’imishahara ni kimwe mu bisubiza inyuma icyizere cy’abasirikare ku buyobozi.”
Abagize imiryango y’abo basirikare mu gahinda
Imiryango y’abo basirikare iri mu marira n’amarangamutima akomeye. Umugore w’umwe muri bo, utuye i Gitega, yavuze ati:
“Umugabo wanjye yagiye muri Congo mu kwa gatatu 2024. Twari dutegereje amafaranga yo kwishyura ideni ry’inzu. Ubu bamuhannye kuko yabajije aho ayo mafaranga yagiye. None umuryango wacu usigaye mu bushomeri.”
Undi mubyeyi, se w’umusirikare umwe mu bahanwe, yavuze ati:
“Barakabya. Niba barwaniriye igihugu, kuki bababwira ngo bazenguruke igihugu n’amaguru nk’abana bakoze ubusambo? Ni igisebo ku gihugu.”
Icyo amategeko ya gisirikare avuga
Amategeko y’u Burundi yerekeye intambara n’imyitwarire y’abasirikare (Code de Discipline Militaire) avuga ko umusirikare wese “utagira icyizere ku buyobozi cyangwa werekana imyitwarire yo kwigomeka” ashobora guhanishwa ibihano byihariye birimo gufungwa cyangwa igihano cy’umubiri “gishingiye ku kugaragaza isomo.”
Ariko, nk’uko abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu babivuga, iki gihano cyo kuzenguruka igihugu n’amaguru “ntigiteganywa n’itegeko na rimwe.”
Pacifique Nininahazwe yabwiye abantu ati:
“Iki gihano gishobora gufatwa nk’uburyo bwo gukoresha abasirikare nk’ibikoresho byo gutera ubwoba abandi. Ntabwo ari igihano cyemewe n’amategeko, ahubwo ni igihano cy’imibabaro.”
Abasirikare barwanira ibihugu, ariko babuzwa kuvuga
Mu myaka ishize, igihugu cy’u Burundi cyagiye gishinjwa gukoresha igisirikare mu buryo butubahirije uburenganzira bwa muntu, harimo no mu bikorwa byo kugarura ituze imbere mu gihugu. Raporo z’imiryango mpuzamahanga nka Human Rights Watch na Amnesty International zagiye zigaragaza “uburyo igisirikare gikora mu buryo bw’ibanga kandi gikandamiza abavuga ibitagenda.”
Kuri iyi nshuro, ibintu byafashe indi ntera kuko bigaragara ko ikibazo cy’imishahara cyafashe isura ya politiki. Umusesenguzi umwe w’i Kigali yagize ati:
“Ubu ni uburakari bushingiye ku mibereho. Abasirikare barwanira igihugu ariko bagasaba amafaranga yabo, bakabihanirwa. Ubu ni ikibazo cy’ubuyobozi, si icy’umurongo wa gisirikare.”
Icyizere cyabo kiri he?
Mu gihe bamwe mu bahanwe bagikomeje urugendo rwabo rw’amaguru, amakuru avuga ko bamwe muri bo bamaze kugira ibibazo by’ubuzima. Umwe muri bo ngo yaraguye ubwo bageraga hagati ya Cankuzo na Ruyigi, abandi bakaba barasabye ubufasha bw’abaturage kugira ngo babone amazi n’ibiribwa.
Umuturage wo muri Gisuru yagize ati:
“Twababoneye ku muhanda, bari bashonje cyane. Twabahaye amazi n’utwo kurya duke, ariko abasirikare babakurikirana batubujije kubaganiriza.”
Ibi byose byatumye bamwe mu baturage n’abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu basaba ko hakorwa iperereza ryigenga kuri iki gihano.
Intambara izasiga inkovu n’isesemi
Abasirikare b’u Burundi barwaniye muri DRC bari bafite icyizere cyo gusubira iwabo bafite icyubahiro, ariko ubu bamwe baherereye mu nzira z’igihugu, bahanishijwe igihano gishaririye kubera kwibutsa ubuyobozi ibyo bemerewe.
Mu gihe ubutegetsi bukomeje guceceka, isi yose irimo kwibaza niba u Burundi bukwiye gukomeza kwitwa “igihugu giteza imbere amahoro” mu gihe buhana abasirikare b’abaturage babwo ku buryo bubabaje bene aka kageni.
Nk’uko umwe mu basirikare bahoze muri FDNB yabivuze mu ijambo rye rya nyuma kuri telefoni:
“Twarwaniriye igihugu, turinda abandi amahoro. Ariko ubu, twebwe tuzenguruka igihugu cyacu nk’abanyabyaha. Ntituzibagirwa.”
