Gen. Byamungu, Lt. Col Willy Ngoma, François Kazarama, Ibrahim Makenga, Col. Jimmy Nzamuye, Manzi, bari mu bo Gen. Makenga yafunze mu bihe bitandukanye

Gen. Byamungu, Lt. Col Willy Ngoma, François Kazarama, Ibrahim Makenga, Col. Jimmy Nzamuye, Manzi, bari mu bo Gen. Makenga yafunze mu bihe bitandukanye

Mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro ikorera muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, ubuzima bw’abasirikare bakuru akenshi buba bukurikiranirwa hafi n’abantu benshi batandukanye. Umunsi umwe umuntu aba ari hejuru, yubashywe nk’umugabo w’intwari, bwacya ugahinduka uwikekwa ku byaha bikomeye, akajyanwa mu buroko n’abari basanzwe bamutega amatwi. Uko niko byagendekeye bamwe mu basirikare bakuru b’umutwe wa AFC/M23 barimo Général de Brigade Bernard Maheshe Byamungu na Lt. Col Willy Ngoma, bafunzwe mu bihe bitandukanye ku itegeko rya Général-Major Sultani Makenga, umugaba mukuru w’uyu mutwe.

Iyi nkuru ndende irasesengura imiterere y’ibi bihano, ishingiro ryabyo, uko byakiriwe n’abari hafi ya M23 ndetse n’uko byerekana ishusho rusange y’ubuyobozi bwa Makenga mu ntambara ikomeje kubera mu burasirazuba bwa Congo.

Imiterere y’ubuyobozi bwa M23

M23 ni umutwe washinzwe muri 2012, ukaba ukomoka ku basirikare bari barinjiye mu gisirikare cya Congo bavuye muri CNDP ya Laurent Nkunda. Umutwe ugendera ku myumvire yo kurengera Abanyekongo bavuga ikinyarwanda n’abandi barengana muri rusange.

Sultani Makenga, ubu uyoboye AFC/M23, ni umwe mu basirikare b’inararibonye muri Kivu. Azwi nk’umugabo ukomeye ku mategeko kandi udashidikanya mu gufata ibyemezo, haba mu ntambara no mu guhana abasirikare be. Ni mu rwego rwo kugumana discipline n’ubusugire bw’umutwe we, ko yagiye afata umwanzuro wo gufunga bamwe mu basirikare bakuru, hatitawe ku kuba baramubaye hafi cyangwa bari mu nzego z’ubuyobozi.

Ifungwa rya Gen. Bernard Maheshe Byamungu

Mu kwezi kwa Nzeri 2025, amakuru yemejwe n’ibitangazamakuru bitandukanye ko Gen. Bernard Maheshe Byamungu, wari Umugaba Mukuru wungirije ushinzwe ibikorwa n’ubutasi bwa M23, yafunzwe mu gihe cy’icyumweru.

Byamungu, ufatwa nk’umwe mu bafite ijambo rikomeye muri M23, yakurikiranwaga ku byaha byo kugurisha inzu zirindwi zari iza Leta ya Congo, izo nzu zikaba zari mu mujyi wa Goma. Yashinjwaga kandi kugira uruhare mu bibazo by’ubutaka bivugwamo abanyemari bo mu ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru.

Uko amakuru abivuga, icyemezo cyo kumufunga cyafashwe na Komisiyo ishinzwe imyitwarire muri M23, ikaba ikorera mu ibanga ariko ikubiyemo abasirikare bakuru ba Makenga. Nyuma yo gufungurwa, Byamungu yasubiye mu nshingano ariko bigaragara ko icyizere yari afitiwe cyagabanutse.

Gukubitwa inshuro mu mutwe nk’uyu ntibisanzwe. Kuri bamwe mu barwanyi ba M23, byafashwe nk’uko Makenga yerekana ko ntawe udahanwa.

Ifungwa rya Lt. Col Willy Ngoma

Undi washyizwe mu buroko ku itegeko rya Makenga ni Lt. Col Willy Ngoma, wamamaye cyane nk’umuvugizi wa M23. Mu mpera za Nyakanga 2025, Ngoma yafunzwe ibyumweru bitatu.

Impamvu nyamukuru yavuzwe ni ubucuruzi bwa zahabu butemewe, bivugwa ko yahuje n’abandi bacuruzi nyuma yo kwigarurira umujyi wa Bukavu. Amakuru aturuka mu bantu ba hafi ya Makenga avuga ko Ngoma yari yaragize “ubucuruzi bw’umwihariko” bw’iyo zahabu, akirengagiza amategeko ya gisirikare.

Kuba umuvugizi w’umutwe akora ubucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro byafashwe nk’ubusembwa bukomeye kuko byashyiraga isura mbi kuri M23 imbere y’abo bashaka kwiyereka nk’abarwanyi bafite “intumbero ya politiki”.

Nyuma yo kurekurwa, Ngoma yakomeje kugaragara mu kazi k’umuvugizi ariko imbaraga ze zisa n’izagabanutse. Hari abavuga ko yambuwe inshingano zimwe mu rwego rwo kumucisha bugufi.

Impamvu z’ibi bihano

Kuba Makenga afata umwanzuro wo gufunga abasirikare bakuru be, harimo ubutumwa bubiri:

Kurwanya ruswa n’ubusahuzi, M23 ishaka kwerekana ko itandukanye n’ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa ishinja kurangwa n’inyerezwa ry’umutungo n’imikorere mibi. Kubahana imbere mu mutwe bigaragaza “isuku” bashaka gushyira imbere.

Abo Makenga yafunze bandi

Byamungu na Ngoma si bo bonyine bagizweho ingaruka. Muri iki gihe, amakuru avuga ko na:

Col. Jimmy Nzamuye, wahoze ayobora ingabo za M23 i Goma, yafunzwe mbere yo gusubizwa mu kazi.

Ibrahim Makenga, umuvandimwe wa Sultani, yafunzwe kubera ibyaha bya ruswa ariko nyuma akomeza imirimo.

Manzi Musonerwa, muramu wa Guverineri w’Intara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, yafunzwe azira gucuruza imodoka zibwe.

François Kazarama, aracyafunzwe azira kwica umuntu i Bukavu.

Ibi byose bigaragaza ko mu mutwe wa M23 hari “uburere bwa gisirikare bushingiye ku gukosora”, ariko kandi bigashushanya ishusho y’uruhurirane rw’ubucuruzi, ruswa, no gushaka ubutunzi byugarije abakuru bawo.

Icyo bivuze ku ishusho ya M23

Muri politiki mpuzamahanga, amakuru y’uko M23 ifunga abasirikare bakuru bayo ku byaha bya ruswa n’ubusahuzi yagiye yakirwa mu buryo bubiri:

Ku ruhande rumwe, bishobora kugaragaza ko M23 ari umutwe ushaka kurangwa n’imiyoborere myiza kurusha Kinshasa.

Ku rundi ruhande, byerekana ko mu mutwe ubundi ufatwa nk’uwisuganya, na wo huzuyemo uburangare, ubucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’imyumvire y’ikirenga yo kwigwizaho umutungo.

Abasesengura bavuga ko ibi byombi bishobora kuba ari ukuri: Makenga arashaka kugaragara nk’umuyobozi udakunda ruswa, ariko mu by’ukuri, ibibazo byo mu mutwe we ntashobora kubihisha.

Uko abaturage babifata

Abaturage bo muri Kivu bagiye bagaragaza amarangamutima anyuranye. Bamwe bashima Makenga kuba ahana abasirikare be, abandi bakavuga ko ari “ikinamico” igamije kwerekana isura nziza mu mahanga.

Mu isesengura ry’abanyamateka n’abanyapolitiki, ibikorwa byo gufunga aba basirikare bikomeza kugaragaza ko Makenga ari umuyobozi ushaka kugaragara nk’urajwe inshinga n’indangagaciro.

Ntatinya gufata ibyemezo bikomeye, haba ari ukubohora imijyi cyangwa gufunga umuvandimwe we.

Inkuru y’uko Gen. Byamungu na Lt. Col Willy Ngoma bafunzwe n’umugaba wabo Gen. Sultani Makenga ni ishusho y’ubuzima busharira bwo mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro. Ni inkuru yerekana ko ubutegetsi bw’imbere muri M23 butari bworoshye, ko abari hejuru bashobora mu kanya gato guhinduka abafungwa, kandi ko intambara yo kwigwizaho ubutunzi ikomeje kwinjira mu nzego zose za gisirikare.

Kuri bamwe, ibi ni ibimenyetso ko M23 ifite ubushake bwo gucunga discipline.

Mu mateka y’intambara yo muri Kivu, ifungwa rya Byamungu na Ngoma rizakomeza kwibukwa nk’urugero rwerekana uburyo ubutegetsi bwo mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro bushobora guhinduka mu kanya gato, bukaba ubutegetsi buzira amakemwa binyuze mu gufunga no guhana abayobozi babwo.