Leta ya RDC, FDLR na Wazalendo ni bo batwirutseho: ubuhamya bw’impunzi z’abanyekongo ziri mu nkambi ya Nkamira
Leta ya RDC, FDLR na Wazalendo ni bo batwirutseho: ubuhamya bw’impunzi z’abanyekongo ziri mu nkambi ya Nkamira
Inkambi y’agateganyo ya Nkamira, iri mu Karere ka Rubavu, yakomeje kuba ubuhungiro bw’ingenzi ku mpunzi z’Abanyekongo zahunze ubugizi bwa nabi bwibasiye uburasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC). Ubu icumbikiye abantu 3.196, bose bahunze guhera ku wa 11 Ukuboza 2022, ubwo imirwano hagati y’ingabo za leta, imitwe yitwaje intwaro irimo FDLR na Wazalendo, ndetse n’inyeshyamba za M23, yatumaga abaturage bagwa mu kaga kidasanzwe.
Kuri uyu wa 29 Kanama 2025, inkambi ya Nkamira yasuwe n’Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Mpunzi (HCR), Filippo Grandi, wari mu ruzinduko mu Rwanda n’akarere. Uyu muyobozi yaganiriye n’impunzi, yumva ubuhamya bwabo, anabizeza ko ibibazo byabo bizakomeza kugarukwaho mu biganiro mpuzamahanga.
Ubuhamya bw’intimba n’amarira
Abaturage benshi bari mu nkambi ya Nkamira bagaragaje ko babanje kwirwanaho mu gihe cy’ibitero, ariko bikarangira bahisemo guhungira mu Rwanda kuko ubuzima bwabo bwari mu kaga.
Nyiramutigerwa Ange, umukobwa w’imyaka 32 ukomoka mu misozi ya Minembwe mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyepfo, yahunganye n’abana be babiri. Umugabo we batandukanyijwe n’intambara, kugeza n’uyu munsi ntaramenya aho aherereye.
Yaragize ati: “Twahunze ibitero bya FDLR n’ingabo za RDC zifatanyije na Wazalendo. Twe bavugaga ko dukomoka mu miryango ivuga ikinyarwanda, twahinduwe nk’abagome, turahigwa. Hari ubwo twihishaga mu mashyamba, abana bakicwa n’inzara, ariko guhitamo kuguma yo byari nko kwiyahura. Ni yo mpamvu twambutse hano mu Rwanda. Dukeneye amahoro ngo dusubire iwacu.”
Mu bandi batanze ubuhamya harimo Kitoko Nyiramwiza, umubyeyi w’imyaka 40, wahunze avuye mu gace ka Kitchanga muri Teritwari ya Masisi mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru.
Ati: “Abana bacu hano bariga ariko ntibabona uburezi nk’ubwo twifuza. Nta muntu wifuza gusazira mu buhungiro. Turifuza gutaha, ariko se twatahira he igihe FDLR na Wazalendo bagihiga abantu bavuga ururimi rumwe natwe? Ikintu cya mbere dukeneye ni amahoro.”
Umwuka mubi hagati ya RDC n’impunzi
Impamvu nyamukuru zituma impunzi z’abanyekongo zivuga ko zidashobora gutaha uyu munsi, ni uko Leta ya RDC ubwayo ifatanya n’imitwe ishinjwa ubugizi bwa nabi, irimo FDLR, abahoze ari interahamwe basize bakoze Jenoside mu Rwanda mu 1994 na Wazalendo, ihuriro ry’abarwanyi b’abaturage bashyigikiwe na Kinshasa.
Munyankindi Bushashe, Perezida w’impunzi muri iyi nkambi, asobanura ko n’ubwo u Rwanda rwabakiriye neza, batifuza kurugumo ubuziraherezo.
Ati: “Turambiwe ubuhunzi, turashaka gusubira iwacu. Ariko se twatahira he igihe bene wacu basigaye muri Kongo bakomeje kuraswaho no kwicwa n’ingabo z’igihugu cyabo zifatanyije na FDLR na Wazalendo? Twifuza amahoro, hanyuma tukataha dufite icyubahiro.”
Kimwe mu by’ibanze: Gukemura ikibazo cy’amahoro
Ubwo yasuraga iyi nkambi, Filippo Grandi yavuze ko ikibazo cy’impunzi z’abanyekongo kitakemuka mu gihe mu gihugu cyabo hakiri imirwano.
Ati: “Twumvise ubuhamya bwanyu. Tuzakomeza gukora ubuvugizi ku rwego mpuzamahanga kugira ngo ikibazo cyanyu kigarukweho. Ariko icy’ingenzi kurusha ibindi ni amahoro mu gihugu cyanyu, kugira ngo muzatahe mu bwisanzure n’icyubahiro.”
Yakomeje avuga ko mbere yo kuza mu Rwanda, yari yaganiriye na Perezida Félix Tshisekedi wa RDC, bakemera ko gukemura ikibazo cy’impunzi bisaba kubanza kugarura ituze mu gihugu.
“Amasezerano y’amahoro yashyizweho umukono i Washington ku wa 27 Kamena niyubahirizwa, bizatuma inzira y’itahuka ry’impunzi ibonerwa umurongo. Tugomba kwibanda ku kubahiriza ibyo twiyemeje,” niko yavuze.
U Rwanda rucumbikiye impunzi ibihumbi amagana
U Rwanda, n’ubwo ari igihugu gito, rukomeje kuba ubuhungiro ku mpunzi ziva mu bihugu bitandukanye. Minisiteri ifite mu nshingano impunzi n’ibiza (MINEMA) igaragaza ko kugeza ubu impunzi 137.465 zicumbikiwe mu gihugu.
Muri zo:
83.858 ni abanyekongo,
52.450 ni abarundi,
izindi zituruka mu bihugu nka Sudani y’Epfo, Somalia n’ahandi.
Inkambi ya Nkamira ifatwa nk’ahantu h’agateganyo. Abasanzwe bayihungiramo, iyo bamaze iminsi runaka bakenera serivisi z’umwihariko, cyane cyane abana bakeneye amashuri cyangwa imiryango ifite ibibazo byihariye, bajyanwa mu nkambi nini nka Mahama iri mu Burasirazuba bw’u Rwanda.
Amasezerano y’amahoro hagati ya Kigali na Kinshasa
Ibibazo by’impunzi byashyizwe mu ngingo z’ingenzi mu masezerano y’amahoro yasinywe hagati ya RDC n’u Rwanda ku wa 27 Kamena 2025 i Washington DC, ku bufasha bwatanzwe na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Aya masezerano agamije guhagarika imirwano mu burasirazuba bwa Kongo, guca intege imitwe yitwaje intwaro irimo FDLR, no guteza imbere inzira y’amahoro binyuze mu biganiro hagati ya Kinshasa na AFC/M23.
Mu nyandiko y’amahame yo kurangiza intambara, harimo n’ingingo ivuga ko impunzi zigomba gutahuka “ku bushake no mu cyubahiro, zifashijwe na HCR n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga.”
Icyifuzo cy’impunzi: “Amahoro ni wo muti”
N’ubwo zishimira ubufasha u Rwanda rwabahaye, impunzi z’abanyekongo zagaragaje ko zidasaba ibirenze: zifuza amahoro mu gihugu cyazo, kugira ngo zibashe gusubira iwabo.
Nyiramutigerwa Ange yagize ati: “Ntitwifuza kuguma hano ubuzima bwacu bwose. Twifuza gusubira mu byacu, tugakora tugatera imbere, ariko ibyo byose bikabanza bigasaba amahoro. Turasaba HCR, Leta y’u Rwanda n’indi miryango kudufasha kumvikanisha ijwi ryacu.”
Inkambi ya Nkamira ikomeje kuba ishusho y’akababaro k’impunzi z’abanyekongo, ariko nanone ikaba ikimenyetso cy’uko ubufasha mpuzamahanga bushobora kugirira akamaro abarenga ku mpaka z’ibihugu.
Filippo Grandi, mu butumwa bwe, yashimangiye ko amahoro ari wo muti wonyine. U Rwanda, rwo rukomeje kugaburira, gucumbikira no kurera abana b’impunzi, n’ubwo ari igihugu gito gifite ubushobozi bucye.
Ariko ku rundi ruhande, ikibazo cy’impunzi z’abanyekongo kizakomeza kuba imbogamizi kugeza igihe RDC izubahiriza amasezerano yafatiwe i Washington, igashyira iherezo ku bufatanye bwayo na FDLR na Wazalendo, bityo abaturage bakabasha gusubira mu ngo zabo.
