Igihugu cy’ubukire n’ubwiza, cyategekwaga n’umugore.

Igihugu cy’ubukire n’ubwiza, cyategekwaga n’umugore.

 

Umwamikazi w’i Saba (cyangwa Sheba) ni umwe mu bagore b’ibitangaza bazwi cyane mu mateka no mu myemerere ya Bibiliya, Islam n’umuco wa Etiyopiya. Inkuru ye ni urwibutso rukomeye ku bushishozi, icyubahiro, ukwemera, n’uruhare rw’umugore mu guhindura amateka. Dore isesengura ryimbitse ry’iyo nkuru mu buryo bw’iyobokamana n’umurage w’umugore:

 

Umwamikazi w’i Saba: Umugore wahagurutse ashaka Imana n’ukuri

Sheba (Saba), igihugu cy’ubukire n’ubwiza, cyategekwaga n’umugore utamenyerewe mu mateka y’abami ba kera: Umwamikazi Makeda (nk’uko avugwa mu mico ya Etiyopiya). Yari umugore udasanzwe: yacunganaga n’iterambere ry’igihugu, ayobora ingabo, akanagira inyota yo kumenya ibintu birenze ibyo amaso abona; harimwo ubwenge n’Imana.

 

1. Inkuru ye muri Bibiliya (1 Abami 10; 2 Ngoma 9)

Umwamikazi w’i Saba yumvise ubwamamare bw’ubwenge bwa Salomo, umwami wa Isirayeli.

 

Yateguye urugendo rukomeye, ajyana imitwaro y’amaturo: zahabu, ibimuri, amabuye y’agaciro, ariko imitwaro ye nyamukuru yari ibibazo n’inyota y’ubwenge.

 

Yahuye na Salomo, amubaza ibibazo byinshi bigoye, byose abisubizwa atizigamye.

 

Aho ari imbere ye, yaravuze ati:

 

“Ibyo numvise si ibihuha; ukuri kurenze ibyo bambwiye. Ubwenge bwawe n’imirimo yawe birarenze.”

 

Yaboneyeho gushimira Imana ya Salomo, ayishimagiza nk’Imana itanga ubwenge, amahoro n’ituze.

 

Yagarutse mu gihugu cye asigiwe urumuri rushya rw’umwuka n’ubuhanga.

 

2. Mu mico ya Etiyopiya “Kebra Nagast”

Mu gitabo cyera cya Kebra Nagast, umwamikazi witwa Makeda, atari umushyitsi gusa, ahubwo aba nyina w’umurage:

 

Avugwaho kugirana imibanire yihariye na Salomo, bikavamo umwana w’umuhungu witwa Menelik I.

 

Menelik yaje kuba umwami wa mbere wa Etiyopiya; bituma igihugu cyubaka ubutegetsi bw’ubwami bushamikiye ku muryango wa Salomo (Solomonic Dynasty).

 

Ibi byatumye Etiyopiya ifata umwamikazi Makeda nk’umubyeyi wa “gikristo udasanzwe”.

 

3. Mu idini ya Islam: Balqis, Umwamikazi wemeye Imana

Muri Korowani (Sura An-Naml 27), Umwamikazi w’i Saba yitwa Balqis:

 

Umwami Sulayman (Salomo) yabwiwe ibye n’inyoni yitwa Hudhud, ko ategeka igihugu gikize ariko kidakorera Imana y’ukuri (Ethiopia ya kera).

 

Salomo amwoherereza ubutumwa bw’Imana, amukangurira kwemera Allah.

 

Agera kwa Salomo, abonye ibimenyetso n’ubwenge bwe, asanga ari byo koko, yemera Imana, yemera ubuyobozi bwa Salomo.

 

Ahinduka urugero rw’umutegetsi wiyoroheje, wemera ukuri n’ubwo yari umwamikazi.

 

4. Icyo Umwamikazi w’i Saba asobanura ku murage w’umugore

Umwamikazi w’i Saba ni ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi ku:

 

1. Ubushishozi n’ubwenge bw’umugore

Ntabwo yari azi gusa gutegeka cyangwa kugira ubutunzi; yari azi kubaza ibibazo, gusobanukirwa no gukurikirana ukuri.

 

Ibi bitwereka ko ubwenge atari ubw’abagabo gusa, kandi umugore ashobora kuba umuyobozi w’umwuka n’uw’amateka.

 

1. Ukwemera kw’umugore mu buryo bw’umwuka

Yashakishije Imana aturutse kure; urugendo rurerure rw’amaguru n’amagare y’ingamiya ntirwamubujije gushaka ukuri.

 

Ni urugero rw’umuntu uhaguruka mu bwami bw’isi, agana ubwami bw’Imana.

 

1. Umugore nk’ishingiro ry’umuryango

Mu nkuru zose z’inkomoko ya Menelik, ni we wabaye umubyeyi w’itorero, umubyeyi w’ubwami, umubyeyi w’ubwoko.

 

Inkuru ye ivuga ku buryo umugore ashobora gushinga amateka ataramba, agasiga umurage uzamara ibisekuru byinshi.

 

5. Isomo n’Impamo: Umwamikazi uri muri buri mugore

Umwamikazi w’i Saba si inkuru y’ahashize gusa, ni ishusho ya buri mugore wifuza kumenya Imana, kumenya ukuri, no gutanga umurage ufite ireme.

 

Ni umugore utinya Imana kurusha ubutunzi

Ni umugore ugendera ku bushishozi kurusha uburanga

Ni umugore uharanira kubaka ejo hazaza, atari kuba icyamamare gusa

Ni umugore uha agaciro Imana, ukanayobora abandi mu kuyimenya.

 

“Imbaraga z’umugore ziratinyitse igihe zishingiye ku bwenge n’ukwemera. Niba Umwamikazi w’i Saba yarahagurutse ajya gushaka Imana, n’abagore b’iki gihe barashoboye.”

 

Umwamikazi w’i Saba (cyangwa Sheba) nk’uko bivugwa mu Byanditswe Bitagatifu, mu mico ya Etiyopiya n’Islam. Yubakiye ku migereka y’ukwemera, ubwenge, icyubahiro no gushakisha Imana n’ukuri.

 

Inkuru y’umugore waturutse mu bicu by’amateka, azamuka inzira z’ubwenge agana Imana, akandikisha izina rye mu mico itatu y’isi: iy’Abayahudi, iy’Abisilamu n’iy’Abanyafurika.

 

1. Mu marembo ya Sheba: Ubwami bwubakiye ku bwenge n’ubuyobozi bw’umugore

Mu majyepfo ya Arabiya cyangwa mu majyaruguru ya Etiyopiya, mu butayu bw’ibicu bisusurutse n’inyanja y’amabuye y’agaciro, hari igihugu kitwaga Sheba. Cyari igihugu gifite ubukire butangaje: zahabu, ibimuri, inyongeramusaruro zivanwa mu bihuru biryohereye by’amashyamba ya rubanda. Ariko ibyo byose byari bikozwe ku cyerekezo cy’umugore umwe: Makeda, Umwamikazi w’i Saba.

 

Yari umuyobozi utavugwaho rumwe, kuko mu gihe cy’abami n’ibwami, ku meza y’ubutegetsi hatabaga hateganirijwe ab’igitsina gore. Ariko Makeda, umugore w’ubwenge buhebuje, yategetse igihugu cye atitaye ku migenzo isuzugura igitsina cye. Yari afite igihugu gikomeye, ubucuruzi buhamye, ariko n’inyota y’ukuri: yashakaga kumenya niba koko hari undi muntu wahawe ubwenge buruta ubwo yigeze kumva.

 

1. Urugendo rw’umwuka: Guhaguruka, gutinyuka, kugera i Yeruzalemu

Iyo nkuru isesengurwa muri Bibiliya (1 Abami 10; 2 Ngoma 9). Umwamikazi w’i Saba yumvise ibivugwa ku bwenge bwa Salomo, umwami w’Abisirayeli, maze yohereza intasi, nyuma ahitamo kuza we ubwe.

 

Ntabwo yaje kwihahira, ahubwo yaje ashaka kubaza ibibazo bigoye, ibibazo bijya mu mizi y’iby’isi, iby’umwuka, iby’ukuri. Yitwaje impano: zahabu, ibimuri, amabuye y’agaciro. Ariko umutwaro nyamukuru yari awikoreye mu mutima: ibibazo n’inshingano zo kumenya Imana.

 

Bibiliya ivuga ko amaze kumva ibisubizo bya Salomo, yamwitegereje, akabona ukuntu ingoro ye itunganijwe, uburyo abagaragu be bambaye, ibyo bamuyoboraho n’uburyo atura Imana, umutima we waratangaye. Yavuze ijambo ritazibagirana:

 

“Ibyo numvise si ibihuha. Ahubwo sinari nzi ko ukuri kuruta ibyo numvise. Ubutunzi bwawe n’ubwenge bwawe birarenze ibyo nari niteze.”

(1 Abami 10:6–7)

 

Yahise ashima Imana ya Salomo, ayitangira icyubahiro nk’Imana itanga ubwenge n’ituze.

 

III. Umugore wavuguruye inzira z’ubwigenge bwo mu mwuka

1. Umugore w’ubuyobozi bufite umurongo

Makeda ntiyari umushyitsi usanzwe: yari umuyobozi utaremeraga kubaho mu kigeragezo cy’ibihuha. Yarazamutse, aragenda, ahura n’undi muyobozi, aramubaza, aramusubiza. Ibi bitwereka ko umugore ashobora:

 

Kuyobora igihugu

 

Kuyobora ubucuruzi

 

Kuganira ku buzima bw’isi n’ubw’ijuru

 

Kumenya ukuri no kuguharanira

 

Yari umugore udaterwa isoni no kubaza, ibyo mu muco wa kera byafatwaga nk’intege nke z’umugore. We yabigize inzira yo gukura mu mwuka no mu bwenge.

 

1. Umugore w’ukwemera

Muri urwo rugendo, Makeda yahinduwe n’ubwenge bwa Salomo, ariko ikirenze kuri ibyo, ni ukwemera Imana. Yahavuye ayemeye, ayubaha, ayitangaho ubuhamya. Yaje nk’umutegetsi, agaruka nk’umwigishwa.

 

1. Mu mico ya Etiyopiya: Umubyeyi w’ubwoko bw’Imana

Mu gitabo Kebra Nagast, cy’umuco wa Etiyopiya, havugwa ko Makeda yagiranye imibanire yihariye na Salomo, babyarana Menelik I, wahindutse umwami wa mbere wa Etiyopiya. Menelik yazanye Isanduku y’Isezerano (Ark of the Covenant) mu gihugu cyabo.

 

Ibi byagize Makeda:

 

Umubyeyi w’ubwami

 

Umubyeyi w’itorero

 

Umubyeyi w’amasezerano

 

Etiyopiya yaje gufata iyi nkuru nk’umusingi wa Kiliziya ya Etiyopiya Ortodogisi, ndetse n’ubwami bwaho bwashingiye kuri uwo murage wa Salomo. Ubutumwa: Umugore ashobora kuba urufatiro rw’igihugu, n’itorero.

 

1. Mu idini ya Islam: Balqis, intwari y’ukwemera

Muri Korowani (Sura An-Naml 27:22–44), Umwamikazi w’i Saba azwi nka Balqis. Yavuzweho n’inyoni yitwa Hudhud, yabwiye Salomo (Sulayman) ko ari umugore utegeka igihugu gikize ariko gikora ibitari byo mu myemerere.

 

Salomo yamwandikiye ibaruwa imuhamagarira kumenya Imana y’ukuri. Balqis yayemeye nyuma yo kubona ibimenyetso by’ubwenge n’ubutumwa bwa Salomo. Yaravuze ati:

 

“Nimwemere Imana imwe, Nyir’isi n’ijuru.”

 

Aha, Balqis ahinduka urugero rw’umutegetsi wiyoroheje, wahisemo Imana aho guhubukira icyubahiro cy’isi.

 

1. Umurage w’umugore: Urugendo rusumba ubutunzi

Umwamikazi w’i Saba ahagarariye:

 

Ubushishozi; kubaza ibibazo bikomeye, kutanyurwa n’ibihuha

Ubuyobozi; kuyobora igihugu cye, guharanira gukorera abaturage

Ukwemera; kumenya Imana, kuyemera, kuyitangaho ubuhamya

Umurage; gusiga ubuvivi bw’Imana, umuryango w’ubumwe n’umwuka

 

Yagize uruhare mu kuyobora igihugu, mu kwimika igisobanuro cy’ubwenge, ndetse no gushyira imbere ukwemera. Ntibyabaye ku bw’igitsina cye, ahubwo byabaye ku mutima ushakashaka Imana.

 

Isomo rikomeye:

“Ubwami bw’umugore si icyubahiro gusa, ni inshingano yo gukurura ubwenge n’umwuka, kugira ngo yigishe abandi kwemera Imana.”

 

Umugore w’iki gihe agomba kumva ko umurage atagomba gusa kuba isura n’iterambere, ahubwo ukwiye kuba ugizwe n’ubwenge, ubutwari no gushaka Imana.