Kinshasa: Televiziyo Antenne A yatewe n’abantu bitwaje intwaro.
Kinshasa: Televiziyo Antenne A yatewe n’abantu bitwaje intwaro.
Hari umwuka w’igitutu kuri uyu wa Kabiri, tariki 29 Nyakanga 2025, ku muhanda witwa “Avenue du Livre” uherereye muri komine ya Gombe, i Kinshasa. Inzego z’umutekano zifite intwaro ziremereye zinjiye ku ngufu mu nyubako ya televiziyo Antenne A TV.
Muri icyo gikorwa, umuyobozi ushinzwe gutunganya ibiganiro (réalisateur), Léonard Muhemeri, yatawe muri yombi ku ngufu, imbere y’abakozi b’iyo televiziyo batunguwe cyane, hanyuma ajyanwa ahantu hatatangajwe.
Nta mpapuro zo kumufata ku gahato (mandat d’arrêt) zigeze zigaragazwa, kandi impamvu y’itabwa muri yombi rye ntiramenyekana.
Iri fatwa ryabaye mu buryo bw’agasuzuguro nk’uko bamwe mu babibonye babitangaje, rikaba rikomeje gukurura impaka ku buryo itangazamakuru rihora ryotswa igitutu mu gihugu cya RDC, ndetse no ku kibazo cy’uko inzego z’umutekano zikora ibintu mu bwiru bwinshi budasobanutse.
Ikinyamakuru Antenne A cyinjiriwe n’inzego z’umutekano: Intambara nshya ku bwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru muri RDC?
Televiziyo Antenne A, ni imwe mu maradiyo na televiziyo yigenga akunze gutangaza ibiganiro bikomeye bijyanye n’imiyoborere n’imibereho y’abaturage muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo.
Abatangabuhamya batangaje ko abapolisi n’abasirikare bari bitwaje intwaro ziremereye binjiye mu kigo nta nteguza, bakinjira mu byumba bitandukanye by’iyo televiziyo, basaka, banatera ubwoba abakozi bari aho. Mu byo bakoze byababaje benshi, harimo itabwa muri yombi rya Léonard Muhemeri, umuyobozi ushinzwe gutunganya ibiganiro (réalisateur), wafashwe ku ngufu imbere y’abakozi be.
“Bamufashe nk’aho ari igisambo cyangwa umutwe w’iterabwoba. Ntacyo bavuze, nta cyemezo cy’urukiko bagejejeho ubuyobozi bwacu,” nk’uko umwe mu bakozi ba Antenne A yabivuze, ariko agasaba kudatangazwa amazina ye kubera impamvu z’umutekano.
Ibi bibaye mu gihe hari impaka zikomeye ku bwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru muri RDC, aho ibinyamakuru byinshi byigenga bikomeje kugaragaza ko byotswa igitutu n’inzego zishinzwe umutekano, cyane cyane iyo bitangaje ibintu bitavugwa rumwe na Leta.
Ubwoba bw’itangazamakuru ryigenga
N’ubwo Leta itari yatanga itangazo ku byabaye, amakuru aravuga ko nta mpapuro zo kumufata ku gahato (mandat d’arrêt) zigeze zigaragazwa, ndetse nta mpamvu iratangazwa ku mugaragaro ku ifatwa rya Léonard Muhemeri.
Ibi bikomeje gutera impungenge abaharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu n’umutekano w’itangazamakuru.
“Ni ibintu biteye impungenge. Iyo inzego z’umutekano zitangira kwinjira mu bitangazamakuru nta mpamvu igaragara, bituma abanyamakuru bahinduka ibikoresho by’iterabwoba ryemewe. Ubu se ni nde uzongera kuvuga ukuri adatinya gufatwa?” Claude Binene, umusesenguzi mu by’itangazamakuru n’uburenganzira bwa muntu.
igitutu cya politiki kiri kwiyongera.
Ubutegetsi bwa RDC bugirwagaho amakenga mu gucunga umutekano w’igihugu, ariko hari n’aho byagaragaye ko ifungwa cyangwa igitutu gishyirwaho itangazamakuru cyifashishwa mu guhisha ibitagenda neza mu miyoborere. Ababikurikiranira hafi baravuga ko iyi nzira yo gukoma mu nkokora ibitangazamakuru ari inzira yo gucecekesha ibitekerezo bitavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi.
Hari n’ababonamo ubutumwa bwa politiki bugenewe abandi banyamakuru: “Uramutse ugerageje kuvuga ibintu bitashimisha abategetsi, tuzagusanga aho uri, tutitaye ku mategeko.”
Ubusabe bwo gusobanura no kurekura Muhemeri
Ihuriro ry’ibitangazamakuru byigenga muri RDC (RIPEDC) ryasabye ko Léonard Muhemeri ahita arekurwa, ndetse ko habaho iperereza ryigenga ku byabaye kuri Antenne A. Basabye ko Leta yisobanura ku mpamvu zatumye ikoreshwa ry’ingufu nk’izo riba ahantu hatangirwa amakuru.
“Ubwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru ni inkingi ya demokarasi. Ubu buryo bwo kwinjira ku ngufu no gufata abanyamakuru nk’abanyabyaha ni igisubizo giteye impungenge. Niba hari icyaha umuntu akekwaho, hakurikizwe amategeko, si iterabwoba.” RIPEDC.
Icyo amategeko avuga
Mu mategeko agenga itangazamakuru muri RDC n’amategeko mpuzamahanga nk’itegeko mpuzamahanga ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu (PIDCP), hafatwa nk’icyaha gufunga umuntu nta cyemezo cya nyacyo kigaragaza impamvu ifatika. Iyo hatabayeho “due process”, bifatwa nk’iyicarubozo cyangwa igikorwa cyo gucecekesha rubanda.
Uruhare rwa rubanda n’amahanga
Ibyabaye kuri Antenne A si inkuru itarangira. Ni igice kimwe mu rugamba rukomeye ruhanganishije ubwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru n’ibikomeje kurushaho kugaragara nk’igitugu cy’ubutegetsi. Hakenewe impamvu zumvikana, isobanura ry’ubutabera, ndetse n’uruhare rw’imiryango mpuzamahanga kugira ngo ibiri kuba muri RDC bitazaba indi nzira yo gucecekesha ukuri.
Igikorwa cyo kwinjirira Antenne A TV, kibumbatiye impamvu zishoboka, ingaruka z’igihe kirekire, ndetse n’amahitamo igihugu cyaba gifite niba kifuza gutera imbere mu bwisanzure no muri demokarasi.
Ifatwa ry’umukozi wa Antenne A TV, Léonard Muhemeri, ryabaye mu buryo budasanzwe, nta mpapuro zo kumufata no kumufunga, nta bisobanuro, kandi rikorwa n’abantu bitwaje intwaro. Ibi si ibintu bishya muri RDC, ahubwo ni igice cy’urukurikirane rw’ibikorwa byibasira itangazamakuru mu bihe by’imvururu za politiki.
Ubutegetsi buri kugendera ku ngufu aho gukoresha amategeko
Iyo igihugu cyihutira gukoresha imbaraga za gisirikari cyangwa za polisi aho gukoresha inzira y’ubutabera, kiba kirimo gutanga ubutumwa ko uburenganzira bw’abantu cyane cyane ubwa sosiyete sivile n’itangazamakuru butagifite agaciro.
Ifatwa rya Léonard Muhemeri ryagaragaje ibintu bine bikomeye:
Nta cyemezo cy’urukiko
Nta bisobanuro bitanzwe
Gukoresha imbaraga z’umurengera (manu militari)
Kwigizayo uburenganzira bwo kwiregura cyangwa guhamwa n’icyaha binyuze mu nzira yemewe n’amategeko.
Ibi byerekana kurenga ku mahame y’imiyoborere ishingiye ku mategeko (État de droit).
Mu bihugu bifite ubuyobozi budakunze kwakira ibitekerezo bitandukanye n’ibyabwo, abanyamakuru n’ibitangazamakuru baba ku isonga mu kunengwa, gutukwa, gufungwa, cyangwa gucecekeshwa mu buryo bwose bushoboka. RDC irimo kujya mu murongo umwe n’ibihugu bifite demokarasi y’amagambo ariko igahinduka igitugu mu bikorwa.
Ubwoba bw’abanyamakuru butera kwisenzura imbere (autocensure). Iyo umunyamakuru atangiye gutinya kwandika cyangwa gutangaza ibinyuranye n’ibyo ubutegetsi bushaka, niyo demokarasi iba itangiye gupfira aho.
Guhindura itangazamakuru igikoresho cya Leta
Hari impungenge ko leta ya RDC ishaka kugera ku itangazamakuru ryo mu rwego rw’igihugu ryose rikora nk’igikoresho cyo kwamamaza, aho kuba isoko y’amakuru y’impamo. Niho inkuru za Leta gusa zigaragara, ibitekerezo by’abaturage bikabura ijwi, ikinyoma kikimakazwa.
Gufata abantu nka Léonard Muhemeri si ukumuhutaza gusa nk’umuntu, ahubwo ni ugutera ubwoba abandi bose, gukangisha ba nyir’amajwi, no kugenzura ikinyamakuru kitari icy’igihugu.
Ishusho ya RDC ku rwego mpuzamahanga iri mu marembera
Mu gihe RDC ishaka kuba igihugu cyizera amajyambere, amahoro n’iterambere rirambye, ibikorwa nk’ibi bihita bikuraho icyizere. Imiryango mpuzamahanga nka Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, ndetse n’ibihugu by’abaterankunga, bakurikirana bya hafi uko ubwisanzure bwubahirizwa.
Igihe RDC ikomeje gukora ibikorwa nk’ibi, igwa mu cyiciro cy’ibihugu bidaha agaciro demokarasi, bikagira n’ingaruka zikomeye ku mikoranire mpuzamahanga n’inkunga z’amahanga.
Ese hari icyihishe inyuma y’ifatwa rya Muhemeri?
Benshi baribaza niba Léonard Muhemeri yarari gukora kuri dosiye cyangwa gahunda y’inkuru yavumbuye ibintu Leta itashakaga ko bimenyekana. Ibi bikorwa akenshi bikorwa mbere cyangwa nyuma y’inkuru “ikomeye”, cyangwa bigamije gukumira ko indi nkuru itambuka.
Niba ariko bimeze, byaba bisobanura ko Leta ifite byinshi yihisha, kandi irimo gukoresha inzego z’umutekano nk’ibikoresho byo guhisha ukuri.
Ingaruka z’igihe kirekire
Abanyamakuru bazaceceka cyangwa bave mu kazi.
Itangazamakuru rizagwa mu maboko ya Leta n’abayishyigikiye.
Abaturage bazabura amakuru y’ukuri bazajya baba mu rujijo n’ibihuha.
Impaka mu gihugu zizagabanuka, ariko ibibazo bigwire mu mpande zose.
Ubuyobozi buzagera aho butamenya ibitagenda neza, kuko buri wese azaba yaracecetse.
Icyo igihugu gikwiye gukora
Gusobanura ku mugaragaro impamvu Léonard Muhemeri yafashwe.
Gutanga uburenganzira bwo kwisobanura imbere y’urukiko.
Gusubiza inyubako ya Antenne A uburenganzira bwayo bwo gukora nta gihunga.
Gushyiraho Komisiyo yigenga ikurikirana ihohoterwa rikorerwa itangazamakuru.
Gusinya no kubahiriza amasezerano mpuzamahanga arengera itangazamakuru.
“Ubwisanzure si impano, ni uburenganzira.”
Ifatwa rya Léonard Muhemeri n’iyinjirwa rya Antenne A TV ntibikwiye gutangazwa gusa nk’amakuru yo gutambutsa kuri televiziyo naradio n’ibinyamakuru, ahubwo bikwiye kuba umwanya wo kwisuzuma nk’igihugu. Ubwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru si umwihariko w’ibihugu bikize, ni inama y’ubwenge ku bayobozi bashaka kugera kure.
Kuki wumva umuyobozi yatinya ukuri? Kuki adashaka ko abaturage be bamenya ibyo akora? Aho ni ho igitugu gitangira, si mu bicu, ni mu gihe ukuri kwinjirira umutima wa rubanda ariko kwica bikitwa “gukemura ikibazo.”
